01 Concept and Background Introduction
Foreign aid projects mainly refer to those with the nature of foreign aid implemented in the recipient countries with the approval of the Ministry of Foreign Trade and Economic Cooperation, the use of loan funds such as the fund of foreign joint venture cooperation projects and foreign aid preferential loans.
The foreign aid budgetary funds are managed by the Ministry of Finance in a unified manner according to the budget and final accounts system.There are eight main ways of China's foreign assistance: package projects, general materials, technical cooperation, human resources development cooperation, foreign medical teams, emergency humanitarian assistance, foreign volunteers and debt relief.
At present, the foreign aid projects that the company participates in are mainly package projects, i.e. China helps the recipient countries to build projects in production and civil fields by providing assistance funds such as free assistance and interest-free loans.The Chinese side is responsible for all or part of the process of project investigation, investigation, design and construction, providing all or part of the equipment and building materials, and dispatching engineering and technical personnel to organize and guide construction, installation and trial production.When the project is completed, it will be transferred to the recipient country for use.

02 Regions and Areas of Assistance to Foreign Countries
The geographical distribution of China's foreign aid is relatively balanced.The recipient countries cover most developing countries in Asia, Africa, Latin America, the Caribbean, Oceania and Eastern Europe.China's assistance to the least developed countries and other low-income countries has remained at around 2/3.
By the end of 2009, China had provided assistance to 161 countries and more than 30 international and regional organizations. 123 developing countries had received regular assistance from China, including 30 in Asia, 51 in Africa, 18 in Latin America and the Caribbean, 12 in Oceania and 12 in Eastern Europe.Asia and Africa, the two regions with the largest number of poor people, receive about 80% of China's assistance.
China's foreign aid programs are mainly distributed in the fields of agriculture, industry, economic infrastructure, public facilities, education, medical and health, with a focus on helping recipient countries improve their industrial and agricultural production capacity, strengthen the basis of economic and social development, and improve basic education and medical conditions.

03 tendering process for foreign aid projects
(1) Study the bid documents and search for important information concerning the content of the bid
Bid Information
Obtain the basic quotation information point, the country name of the bidding project, the corresponding parameters of the project type and type (building area, highway to total line length and pavement width, etc.), exchange rate requirements (USD to RMB), calculation period of project funds, management rate, profit rate, unpredictable rate, project insurance rate and risk advance rate, etc.
Preliminary information
General tender documents will provide investigation reports of the country in which the project is located, from which information on resource allocation of the country in which the project is located, such as human resources, wage level, price level and supply of materials required for infrastructure, inflation level, sources of construction machinery, etc. will be obtained.
Resource advantages ahead of the company
Understand if the company has projects under construction in or around the country where the project is located.In view of the short bidding period (15-20 days) for foreign-aid projects, the project management personnel in front of the project department can be entrusted with the task of investigating the information of the bidding projects, collecting and inquiring the skills and price level of local human resources, the supply of required building materials, the price level and the distance between them.
(2) Price measurement and selection of sub-items of most applicable quotas
Determine the quota to be selected according to the type of bidding item
If it is a housing project, the quota of housing construction and decoration can be selected. If it is a highway and bridge project, the quota of highway can be selected.In this regard, the main consideration is the matching of quota usage, resource allocation and other aspects with the bidding project.
Pricing Principle
As it is a construction aid project, the principle of list valuation still follows the provisions of national standards related measurement valuation. Quota and list items are well matched, and there is no work to increase or decrease quota items and adjust resource consumption.After completing the hedging work of the list, the related aspects of the material machine involved in the project should be adjusted. At this time, the quota resource allocation must be carried out in combination with the specific technical scheme.
(III) Adjustment and perfection of resources content
artificial
According to the quotation system for foreign aid, the quoted labor unit price is a comprehensive unit price which takes into account the daily labor unit price of Chinese personnel, the daily labor unit price of local workers, as well as the labor ratio for Chinese and foreign employees, and the efficiency ratio for Chinese and foreign workers.The daily unit price for Chinese personnel includes technical subsidies, travel, airfare, transit, foreign aid subsidies and war subsidies (when specified in the tender documents).The Chinese-foreign labor comparison can refer to the reference proportion in the investigation report or to the staffing proportion designed by the actual construction organization. The Chinese-foreign power comparison can refer to the content provided in the investigation report.
Materials and Equipment
Considering the low level of overall social development in the recipient countries, in addition to the local purchase of land materials (cement, sand, stone) products, other large-scale materials and equipment should be considered to be purchased from adjacent countries or China, and the final purchase place should be selected economically at the on-site unit price. Considering the factors such as customs clearance, whether it is convenient for transportation, etc., the unit price of material and equipment should be determined.
Mechanics
If the country or surrounding country of the project has the mechanical resources that the company can allocate itself, the allocation of the company's own resources is the preferred one, followed by the leasing of the mechanical resources in the country or surrounding country. If the above conditions are not met, the new purchase will be considered finally.However, it is not necessary to do so. If the number of shifts used for a particular machine is constant and large, new purchases are the best way to transfer and lease the machine.For the aforementioned detailed scheme, refer to the professional article "Equipment Configuration during Tender Stage" in STECOL Public Number, which you need to pay attention to.
04 Implementation of liquidation principle in tendering for foreign aid projects
The management fee, profit, unpredictable fee and project insurance of the indirect fee of the foreign aid project have definite rates and collection fees. The rate that meets the requirements of the tender documents must be calculated and selected according to the actual situation.In addition to the rate requirement, the commercial quotation form should also pay attention to the data logical relation and the logical relation among the five tables mentioned in the liquidation principle (the construction cost composition table, the summary table of direct engineering cost, the invoicing table of the sub-item quantity list, the comprehensive unit price summary table of the sub-item quantity, the comprehensive manual unit price calculation table).In this way, tender quotation for foreign aid projects can be completed.